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Type: Article

Section: Fragrance > Regulatory & Research

pinkpepper

Pink Pepper Fruit and Leaf Oils

This month's column discusses the chemical composition of pink pepper fruit and leaf oils.

Essential Oil Essential Oil Research and Symposia 1969-1989

The time is ripe, perhaps, to review the development which has taken place since the Essential Oil Symposium started in 1969—and try to see a little ahead. The aims of the symposia should be as before: namely, to bring together scientists who are interested in all aspects of essential oil research, for discussions of common problems and presentation of their results, to the benefit of essential oil research in general.

pf_rose_thumb_82018

Turkish Rose Oil Research: Recent Results

ose oil was produced by hydrodistillation from fresh flowers of Rosa damascena Miller. (Turkey and Bulgaria are the two main producers of this precious material.) Results of the analysis of Turkish rose oil produced by the Gülbirlik Cooperative in the past 16 years are provided in this article.

Pattern Recognition Methods for Discrimination of Essential Oils (Rose Oils) by Their Gas Chromatograms

It is possible to distinguish between essential oils of the same type and their mixtures by analysing their gas chromatograms using a pattern recognition method.

Material Review: Clary Sage Oils

Variation in composition and enantiomeric analyses of commercial vs. new Kashmir clary sage oils. Commercial clary sage oils were analyzed along with a newly available Kashmir oil (Himalayan Foothills Oils, Srinagar, India). All of the oils were high in linalool (14.7–25.1%) and linalyl acetate (55.0–72.4%).

Material review: Kashmir Lavender Oil

A comparison of new Kashmir lavender oils with commercial lavender oils.

Investigating New Essential Oils: Rationale, Results and Limitations

Research in new essential oils may provide benefits (missing aroma notes, new sources of isolates, new chiral compounds), but it must reassert its originality and vigor and it must recognize the constraints of economics and regulations.

New compounds with small rings in essential oils

Despite the continuing discovery of new synthetic fragrance raw materials, essential oils still remain the other half of the foundation of perfumery. Consequently, the analysis of essential oils is still very much of interest, as is illustrated by the excellent series of articles by Lawrence in this journal. We now wish to report a number of products containing small (three-, four-, and five-membered) rings, most of which are found for the first time in essential oils. These products were isolated by chemical group separation, liquid and gas chromatography, whereupon the structures were determined by mass, infrared and NMR spectroscopy. All structures were confirmed by synthesis. The essential oils used were obtained from regular commercial sources.

bakersyeast

Research article: Biotransformation of Unsaturated Aliphatic Aldehydes Using Baker’s Yeast

Actively fermenting baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) not only converts aliphatic aldehydes to the corresponding alcohols, but also may reduce certain carbon-carbon double bonds in the same molecule. Furthermore, an in situ acyloin condensation reaction occurs; this bioconversion reaction gives rise to relatively good yields of unsaturated 2,3-diols, which have two carbon atoms more than the corresponding aliphatic aldehyde used as substrate. Baker’s yeast has been used as a reagent in organic synthesis since the beginning of the 20th century, when fundamental studies were initiated on the mechanism of formation of fusel alcohols from the corresponding l-amino acids during the formation of ethanol.

lemon1

Progress in Essential Oils: Lemon Verbena Oil

This month's column discusses the chemical composition of lemon verbena oil.

Progress in Essential Oils: Clary Sage Oil

The author discusses the chemical components of clary sage oil.

Unsaturated Components in the Essential Oil of Anthemis nobilis L. (Roman Chamomile)

French authors recently presented their analytical findings on the oil using the negative chemical ionization technique in mass spectrometry. They tracked the GLC profile of the complete oil with the mass numbers of the quasi-molecular ions [M-H]- in combination with the carboxylate anion RCOO-. Thereby inter alia the presence of five esters derived from methacrylic or crotonic acid was reported, however, without giving definite structural assignments for the individual components. The same holds for eight esters of the angelate or tiglate type, respectively. We have worked in a more traditional way and wish here to present the results concerning some of these methacrylates, crotonates, angelates and tiglates. All esters mentioned by us have proved by comparison with authentic synthetically prepared samples.

Gas Chromatographic Analysis on Turkish Rose Oil, Absolute and Concrete

The analysis of rose products maybe realized by gas or liquid chromatographic techniques. Our investigations showed that liquid chromatography have been used only in a few studies to separate essential oils and terpenoid compounds, and a sufficient separation has not been obtained.

fennel1

Progress in Essential Oils: Sweet Fennel Oil and Extract

In this column, Brian M. Lawrence reviews the composition of sweet fennel oil and extract as found by various researchers. For example, a commercial sample of sweet fennel oil was screened for its anti-platelet activity by Tognolini et al. (2006) and Guerini et al. (2006) using GC-FID and GC/MS. Results are reported herein.

Progress in Essential Oils

Sage oil and Wild African Sage Oil.

Material Review: Application of Gas-Liquid Chromatography to the Analysis of Essential Oils

Fingerprints of 12 essential oils

Citrus essential oils face a number of issues that can alter their composition or quality from season to season and even within a given season.

Essential Oils and Citrus Blends: Maintaining Quality Amidst Rising Costs and Adulteration

Discover the innovative strategies and testing techniques they are adopting to ensure that every drop meets the highest standards, even in a volatile market.

Sacrosantol was compared to N-SWO for its safety and skin benefits, using various in vitro models.

Skin Benefits of Sacrosantol: A Reconstituted Sandalwood Oil Based on Natural and Biotechnology-derived Ingredients

Part 2 of 2: Reviewing the study’s comparison of Sacrosantol to naturally produced sandalwood oil.

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