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Section: Fragrance > Regulatory & Research

Base-catalysed of terpenes

We have projected in the foregoing survey significant advances in the isomerisation of terpenes by base catalysis. Invoking this technique, it si seen how many of the delicate reactions are smoothly accomplished, adding new dimensions to terpene technology. How terpenes, which are notoriously sensitive to thermal and proton impact, have been engineered in the desired direction through base catalysis is an important chapter in the history of terpene chemistry.

F&F Bookshelf: Terpenes

P&Fnow reviews Eberhard Breitmaier's book, Terpenes (Wiley)

The biosynthesis of terpene compounds

From Wallach's isoprene rule to Ruzieka's biogenetic isoprene rule, the monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes have played a significant role in the development of basic concepts concerning the origin of all terpenoid compounds. Yet, while our understanding of the biosynthesis of higher terpenoids, such as steroids, has flourished progress in the biochemistry of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes has been relatively slow--due in large part to the chemical nature of the mono- and sesquiterpenes (volatility, instability, and so forth) and to the experimental difficulties associated with the plants that produce these compounds.

Fragrances Through Hydrochlorination of Terpenes

Among the reactions that have enriched terpene chemlstry, perhaps the simplest and one of the outstanding is hydrochlorination. This reaction has been used for structural elucidation, for derivatization to identify and/or purify terpenes and for synthesizing perfumery chemicals. How the application of hydrochlorination on terpenes has unearthed the treasure caves of fragrances is a vibrant chapter worthy of portrayal.

RIFM Reports Little Concern on Cyclic and Non-Cyclic Terpene Alcohols

Full report available.

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Natural Source Testing for Flavors and Fragrances

In highly regulated marketplaces where mislabeling could have legal and commercial repercussions, a reliable natural source test is critical at the procurement, research and development, product launch and supply stages.

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WFFC Fall Seminar: Regulatory, Flavor Development and Sourcing

The most recent Women in Flavor and Fragrance Commerce (WFFC) fall seminar addressed clean labeling from a variety of value chain perspectives, including regulatory, flavor development, sourcing and product development.

Pattern Recognition Methods for Discrimination of Essential Oils (Rose Oils) by Their Gas Chromatograms

It is possible to distinguish between essential oils of the same type and their mixtures by analysing their gas chromatograms using a pattern recognition method.

From the Neolithic period to the present day, perfumes have existed throughout the ages with different uses, forms, raw materials and fragrances.

The Link Between Ingredient Sourcing and Biodiversity Regeneration

From the Neolithic period to the present day, perfumes have existed throughout the ages with different uses, forms, raw materials and fragrances.

Essential Oils & REACH

The European Council has adopted the new European chemicals policy -- REACH (the Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals) -- on December 18, 2006.

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Endpoint. Defending Nature’s F&F Sources

In some cases, Mother Nature’s materials can be artificially reconstructed. In others—well, as they say, there’s no substitute for the real thing. What happens when natural sources are threatened? Science goes on the defense.

Progress in Essential Oils

Sage oil and Wild African Sage Oil.

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Open Sourcing Smell Culture: Past and Future Models for Perfumery

Like the media industry, the perfume business is in a moment of transition – one with increasing democratization by consumers and independent creators.

Research Rebuttal: Gynecomastia & Essential Oils

Brian M. Lawrence answers questions raised by the recent New England Journal of Medicine report linking the use of lavender and tea tree oils to gynecomastia

Material Review: Clary Sage Oils

Variation in composition and enantiomeric analyses of commercial vs. new Kashmir clary sage oils. Commercial clary sage oils were analyzed along with a newly available Kashmir oil (Himalayan Foothills Oils, Srinagar, India). All of the oils were high in linalool (14.7–25.1%) and linalyl acetate (55.0–72.4%).

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Naturally Sourced F&F Ingredients: Regulations and Verifications Through Carbon-14

Authentication of natural substances continue to be an area of major interest for F&F, with programs and regulations using carbon-14 analysis as a method for distinguishing biobased sourced materials from petroleum-derived material.

Market drivers include the rising popularity of essential oils in food and beverages industry as well as in aromatherapy.

Report: Global Essential Oils Market Growth

Market drivers include the rising popularity of essential oils in food and beverages industry as well as in aromatherapy.

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Pink Pepper Fruit and Leaf Oils

This month's column discusses the chemical composition of pink pepper fruit and leaf oils.

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