Juniper berry oil is produced from the steam distillation of the ripe bellies of Juniperus communis L. According to Farjon (2001, 2005), the following varieties are recognized:
Nevertheless, juniper berry oil ex J. communis irrespective of variety can occasionally be found as a source of the juniper berry oil of commerce.
Tasic et al. (1993) collected juniper berries from different areas (Brezovica, Gova, Besovo, Velika, Prijepolje and Prilep) in Croatia in September. The oils, which were produced in the laboratory, were subjected to analysis by GC-FID and GC/MS. The constituents characterized in these oils ranged as follows:
